Low back pain: what causes it? What are the treatments?

One of the most popular complaints is lower back pain, which can be the result of different factors that end up wearing the region. Thus, it is important to pay attention to the frequency of the symptom and seek an emergency room, depending on the intensity.

If you want to know why low back pain occurs and what are the ways to treat it, check out the text below.

Contents

What causes lower back pain?

Low back pain, or low back pain , is a discomfort that affects the final region of the spine and, in general, is not usually of concern from a medical point of view, as it does not arise from any serious disease, but from inadequate health practices. posture during the routine.

However, in some cases it may signal changes in structures and internal organs, and it is necessary to start treatment to reverse the condition and, thus, stop the pain in the low back being frequent.

The most common examples of the cause of lower back pain are:

  • Bad posture:  maintaining posture serves to stabilize the body structure, with the spine being the main element to have good posture. When sitting or standing if the person is not positioned correctly, the lower back ends up being painful;
  • Repetitive effort: those who exercise frequently should pay attention to the movements performed and, in the case of bodybuilding, care must be taken with the equipment used, as it can overload the spine and cause pain in the lower back;
  • Overweight: people who are obese are more likely to experience lower back pain, since the spine cannot adapt to being overweight;
  • Minor traumas: falls or bumps that affect the spine region can cause trauma to the lobar causing the pain to appear in the area;
  • Inflammation: the sciatic nerve, which is present at the beginning of the end of the spine, can become inflamed due to pressure in that area. As a result, the person may experience severe pain and find it difficult to bend and rise.
  • Diseases: herniated discs (displacement of a vertebral disc) and kidney stones (solid minerals that appear inside the kidneys) are diseases that present low back pain as a symptom.

According to the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology, between 65% and 80% of the world population develops back pain at some stage in their lives, but in most cases there is spontaneous resolution.

How is the diagnosis made?

Usually, the primary diagnosis is made by the person who is experiencing low back pain (or low back pain), however, to ascertain the main cause of this discomfort it is necessary to go to the doctor.

In the office, the patient will have to answer some questions about the frequency at which the pain arises, the specific point it reaches, activities performed during the day, among other questions.

The diagnosis made by the doctor is usually clinical, that is, no exam is needed, only in cases that, together with low back pain, there are other associated signs such as fever , weight loss, neurological deficit and age over 50 years.

What types?

Low back pain or low back pain can be classified into two types, which differ according to the intensity and duration. Are they:

  • Acute low back pain: appears suddenly with great intensity and disappears quickly (when the reason is some physical exercise or poor posture that caused wear in the region) or between 4 to 6 weeks later, when it arises due to a bad spine or muscle spasms, which end up leaving the muscles between the last rib and the buttocks more rigid.
  • Chronic low back pain: characterized by being less intense, but more lasting (about 3 months or a lifetime). It most often affects people over 50 years of age. In this case, these are more serious changes that can cause the spine to lock up and limit the execution of activities and displacement (especially in the morning).

Thus, it is important to be aware of how low back pain manifests itself to ensure that it is due to some serious problem. However, it is always good to consult the doctor so that there is no doubt.

How to treat?

Lumbar massage is a great alternative to relieve pain.

The recommended treatment for lower back pain will depend on the factors that are causing it. In milder cases, which are the majority, resting, massages and physiotherapy movements help to relieve pain.

Medicines such as painkillers, anti-inflammatories, corticosteroids and muscle relaxants may also be prescribed by specialists, if low back pain is more intense.

How to prevent?

Trying to have good posture and not sitting or standing for a long time helps prevent low back pain.

Low back pain prevention (acute in this case) can be done through attitudes such as:

  • Do not carry excessive weight;
  • Always maintain the correct posture and avoid being in the same position for a long time;
  • Avoid performing activities that put pressure on the joints of the spine and vertebrae;
  • Have a healthy diet and exercise regularly (those that are done in pilates classes are said to be beneficial for the spine).
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